Plumbing is one of the most essential systems in any home, yet it often goes unnoticed—until something goes wrong. Whether you’re building a new house or upgrading your current plumbing system, knowing the various types of plumbing pipes is crucial. Choosing the right materials can significantly impact the efficiency, cost, and longevity of your water system.
This guide will help homeowners and property managers like you explore the different types of plumbing pipes, compare materials like PVC and copper, and understand which is best for your needs.
Types of Plumbing Pipes
The market offers a wide variety of plumbing pipes, each with its unique properties and applications. Here’s a breakdown of the most common options:
1. PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) Pipes
PVC pipes are widely popular for home plumbing due to their durability, affordability, and resistance to corrosion. These lightweight pipes are mainly used for cold-water systems, irrigation, and drainage.
- Cons: Cannot withstand high temperatures, making them unsuitable for hot water applications.
- Pros: Affordable, non-corrosive, long-lasting, and easy to install.

It’s important to note that in New York City, building codes do not permit the use of PVC pipes for plumbing in residential buildings. Instead, materials like copper or cast iron are typically required due to their ability to handle higher temperatures and meet the city’s strict fire safety standards. Always review local regulations with a licensed plumber when selecting plumbing materials to ensure compliance with building codes.
2. Copper Pipes
Known for their durability and reliability, copper pipes have been a preferred choice for decades. They are often used for both hot and cold water systems.
- Pros: Heat-resistant, long lifespan, corrosion-resistant, and recyclable.
- Cons: Expensive and challenging to install without professional tools or expertise.

Copper pipes are often considered the gold standard in plumbing due to their unmatched reliability and performance. Their ability to withstand high temperatures and resist corrosion makes them ideal for a variety of plumbing applications. Additionally, copper’s natural antimicrobial properties contribute to healthier water systems by inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria.
3. PEX (Cross-linked Polyethylene) Pipes
PEX pipes have grown in popularity for residential plumbing due to their flexibility and ease of installation. They are used for both hot and cold water systems.
- Pros: Affordable, easy to install, flexible, and resistant to high temperatures.
- Cons: Can degrade with prolonged UV light exposure and is not recyclable.

The growing popularity of PEX pipes can be attributed to their versatility and cost-effectiveness. Their flexibility simplifies installation, allowing plumbers to navigate tight spaces and complex layouts with ease.
Despite the widespread adoption of PEX across the country, its usage is restricted in some areas, including many homes in New York City. Local building codes and regulations have historically favored alternative materials like copper or galvanized steel for plumbing. Concerns about PEX’s long-term durability, potential chemical leaching, and performance in high-density environments have contributed to its limited acceptance.
4. Galvanized Steel Pipes
These older pipes are found in homes built before the 1970s. Galvanized steel pipes are coated with a layer of zinc to prevent corrosion.
- Pros: Durable and capable of handling high water pressure.
- Cons: Prone to rust over time, which can cause water discoloration and build-up.

Galvanized steel pipes, introduced in the early 19th century, were coated with zinc to prevent rust and corrosion. Widely adopted by the mid-1800s, they became the standard for plumbing due to their durability and ability to handle high water pressures. However, by the 1970s, they were replaced by materials like copper and plastic due to issues with corrosion and clogging. Despite their decline, they mark a key milestone in plumbing history, improving durability and water quality.
5. ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) Pipes
Similar to PVC, ABS pipes are used for drainage, waste, and vent systems. They are lighter and can handle cold temperatures better than PVC.
- Pros: Lightweight, durable, and resistant to cold environments.
- Cons: More susceptible to warping in direct sunlight.

6. Cast Iron Pipes
Cast iron pipes were commonly used in older homes for drainage systems. They are heavy but incredibly durable.
- Pros: Long-lasting, excellent noise insulation, and fire-resistant.
- Cons: Heavy, expensive, and prone to rust over time.

Cast iron pipes are valued for noise reduction and fire resistance, making them ideal for multi-story buildings. However, their heavy weight and susceptibility to rust make them less common in modern projects, where PVC or ABS are preferred for affordability and ease of use. Proper maintenance can extend their lifespan.
PVC vs. Copper Pipes: Which Is Better?
When comparing PVC and copper pipes, your choice depends on the specific needs of your plumbing system.
- PVC is ideal for homeowners on a budget who need durable and rust-free pipes for cold-water applications.
- Copper, on the other hand, is perfect for those seeking long-lasting, heat-resistant materials for both hot and cold water systems, despite the higher cost.

The debate between PVC and copper pipes is popular because both materials have distinct advantages and are suited to different applications. Homeowners and contractors often weigh factors like cost, durability, and performance to determine the best fit for their plumbing needs. PVC is prized for its affordability, ease of installation, and resistance to corrosion, making it an excellent choice for many projects. Copper, on the other hand, maintains a reputation for reliability, longevity, and superior heat tolerance, appealing to those who value top-quality materials despite the higher upfront expense. The decision ultimately comes down to priorities and the demands of the specific plumbing system.
It is important to note that in New York, the use of PVC piping is restricted in certain applications. Local building codes often prohibit PVC pipes in residential and commercial plumbing systems for carrying potable water, primarily due to fire safety regulations and concerns about the material’s performance under high temperatures. Instead, materials like copper or CPVC may be required to meet these stricter standards. Always consult local plumbing codes to ensure compliance when planning a project.
Choosing the Best Plumbing Pipes for Your Home
Selecting the right pipes for your home involves several factors, including budget, intended use, and location. Here are some practical tips to help you decide:
- Hot vs. Cold Water Systems: Use copper or PEX for hot water systems, while PVC is a budget-friendly option for cold water.
- Budget Considerations: PEX and PVC are affordable and easy to install, while copper offers premium quality at a higher cost.
- Property Age: Older homes with galvanized steel or cast iron pipes may benefit from modern updates using PEX or copper.
- Environmental Factors: Consider UV resistance for outdoor pipes and temperature resistance for extreme climates.
Always consult a local licensed professional plumber to ensure compliance with building codes and to address unique challenges specific to your property. A professional can provide tailored recommendations based on the age of your home, local water quality, and the materials best suited for your region, ensuring longevity and reliability in your plumbing system.
Ideal Plumbing Materials for New Homes
Building a new home is the perfect opportunity to start fresh with the best materials. We recommend a combination of PEX and copper pipes for modern homes. PEX allows for flexible installations and quick fixes, while copper offers durability and resistance for areas exposed to high temperatures.
PVC vs. PEX Pipes
When comparing PVC and PEX, both are excellent options for homeowners, but the choice ultimately depends on your specific needs.
- PVC is cost-effective and great for drainage systems. It’s also a sturdy option for cold-water applications.
- PEX, however, is better suited for entire plumbing systems due to its flexibility, ease of installation, and ability to handle both hot and cold water.
The Best Pipes for Home Plumbing
There is no one-size-fits-all solution when it comes to plumbing pipes. The most suitable choice will depend on your property’s unique requirements, budget, and environmental conditions. We recommend consulting a professional plumber to assess your needs and guide you toward the best options.
Partner with A Good Plumber
Need help choosing or installing the perfect plumbing pipes for your home? At A Good Plumber, we have been Brooklyn’s trusted plumbing experts for over 30 years. Whether you’re dealing with outdated pipes or planning your dream home, our team of licensed master plumbers is here to ensure your plumbing system is safe, efficient, and long-lasting.
Contact us today to schedule a consultation or book an appointment online. From PVC to copper, we’ll help you make the best choice for your plumbing needs.
Call (718) 648-6838 or book an appointment online today to get started!